a nurse is caring for an older adult client who has an allergy to sulfa
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hey everyone its seared with registered nurse ari and calm and in this video I want to go over how to study for geriatric nursing now in my previous videos I talked about how to study for medical surgical nursing pharmacology and all those other nursing classes so if youre interested in those classes because youre having to take them be sure to check out those videos but in this specific video I want to go over 6 strategies on how you can prepare for these exams in your older adult class because there are some things whenever youre preparing for your exams that you need to concentrate on so you can ace it but lets first talk about what this class is about and what it entails this class focuses on the care of patients from the age of 65 or older and this class is also called by some nursing school programs care of the older adult or geriatric nursing its the same class and these specific patients they require special attention in nursing because they are undergoing psychological and physiological changes that a dull isnt necessarily going through who is about 6 I mean 18 to 64 so just like in your pediatric class in your maturity class you know we have to provide specific nursing interventions and care to them and this is the same thing with our older adults so why are your students struggle with this class the older adult will typically present clinically different with diseases and illnesses compared to the adult of what youve been learning in your other classes so youre going to its going to require that you add new knowledge to other disease processes you already know and youre going to have to learn new different concepts and second some students just arent interested in geriatric nursing their heart is already set on pediatric nursing OB nursing and they just get that it comes natural to them so older adult nursing the interest isnt there so its a little bit harder so lets talk about those six strategies on how to study for this exams in this class okay number one whenever youre preparing for your exam and you need to understand what are the normal physiological changes for the adult that take place in the older adult because its going to make sense why they get certain health problems for instance as the older as an adult ages becomes an older adult the renal system starts to change along with every other system of the body and one thing that starts to happen is they start to have increased residual in urine whenever theyre urinating so theyre not completely emptying out their bladder and this causes problems for urinary tract infections so a lot of times youre going to be encountering older adults with UTIs and also they start to develop problems with chewing maybe theyre losing their teeth or their jaws and hurt and they cant chew as much or they have difficulty swallowing these muscles get weak in the neck so theyre at risk for aspiration so whenever youre giving the medications you may have to crush them so you need to know what you can crush what you cant crush and theyre also at risk for nutrition problems because they may not be eating well because they have pain so if you can understand what is normal whats happening to the adult the older adult as they age everything else will make sense on exams because test questions love to hit on that okay number two know the signs and symptoms of infection or possible illnesses the key with older adults that your professor will probably hit on early on is that older adults do not present the same as an adult with an infection chances are theyre not going to have a fever theyre not going to have those classic signs and symptoms they may all of a sudden come in and have a mental status change where theyre confused or theyve been following a lot of falling a lot more or they have just an increased heart rate increased breathing and then they draw blood and they see that their white count time that they have an infection so know whats going on with the older adult if theyre confused maybe its an infection maybe its an adverse reaction so those are things youll want to pay attention to whenever your study your key concepts okay number three concentrate on reviewing nursing interventions for how you will deal with chronic and acute problems for instance whenever if you get a study guide for this class or youre looking in your textbooks make sure youre paying attention to what your going to be doing as the nurse because again test questions love to hit on give you a scenario and tell you what is your nursing intervention and youll need to know what older adults struggle with chronically and acutely for instance a lot of older adults have issues with constipation and we know from the normal cycle physical aaja chol changes with adults of their GI system slows down and they have an ER at risk for constipation so what are you going to do for that as a nurse youre going to educate them about increasing their activity because a lot of times older adults they have sedentary lifestyles and youre going to talk to them about increasing their fiber intake what foods contain fiber a lot of them questions like to ask that too and how to stay hydrated keep keep the water on because a lot of people especially older adults they dont drink as much and theyre constantly dehydrated so those are nursing interventions that you would select as your option on that test question okay number four no the older adults issues with medications a lot of older adults are on medications it happens its just one of the normal processes of aging and we as a nurse you need to know safety precautions with that you need to know adverse reactions because like I said that older adult
isnt going to present with those common classic adverse reactions they may obviously you start them on a new medication they may just all of a sudden become confused so thats thing you need to watch out for and how to and theyre at risk for polypharmacy meaning that they went to different doctors and/or a different pharmacy and the pharmacy hasnt been on this and that and sometimes some patients have duplicated medications or theyre taking too many and some of those are unnecessary so theyre at risk for that and as a nurse its your responsibility to look at those and call the doctor and ask maybe does this patient really need this things like that and how to take the medication properly and that comes back to their aspiration risk or the difficulty swallowing and how to tell them how to crush medications what medications youre not supposed to crush for instance for tests tests will give you a scenario telling you that you have a patient going home on a certain medication say its an interior coated medication in which statement by the patient would make you a cause concern that you have to re-educate the patient because the patient is aspirating and one of the statements would be that the patients safe I will crush my enteric-coated aspirin and put it in applesauce before I take it and that would be the option that you would pick where the patient would need to be re-educated because you never crush an enteric-coated medication so those are some things you want to pay attention to with that okay number five understand safety precautions and signs of older adult abuse and neglect from either others or by themselves because this patient population is at risk for this just like your pediatric patient that you learn about in peds so you need to know those subtle signs and symptoms that an adult is being abused because these are really lecture exam questions that professors like to hit on and the NCLEX as well in some of those subtle symptoms is that the patient plays down the injuries they dont have a really good response to it and how they interact with their abuser they may be afraid every time that potential abuser comes in the room its just a little red flag going off to you as a nurse that you should investigate it further so concentrate on that in your book whenever youre studying and number six last but not least commit those theories of aging to memory these the theories of aging one of them is disengagement theory a lot of lecture exams your professors like to throw out those different aging theories and give you a scenario and ask you which of that which of those theories it is Ive noticed that thats really common test questions so for instance you have a scenario and it says a patient is daughter words that the patient has been withdrawing and its being less involved in activities that they used to like to do which of these aging theories explains whats happening and the answer would be the disengagement theory okay now lets go over a typical exam question that you may encounter in older adults let me just give you a sample of what you may encounter okay lets look at the sample question a 75 year old patient is showing signs of malnutrition and has lost twenty pounds and two months the patients daughter reports the patient has shown less interest in food over the past three months which of the following may contribute to the patients loss of interest in food okay lets look at our options and we are going to be making sure that were asking yourself okay what does the older older adult normally physiological changes do they experience and what may be causing it okay a fitted dentures B ease of swallowing due to the relaxation of the esophagus causing potential aspiration C altered sensitivity and a male of tastebuds or D excessive mouth secretions okay so lets analyze these one by one a fitted dentures well most older adults do get fitted dentures because they lose their teeth but fitted dentures if theyre fitted properly which they are here would not cause a patient to lose interest in food I think theres a more of a bigger cost to that because fitted dentures are actually going to help them eat their food so this isnt a very good option okay B ease of swallowing due to the relaxation of the sulfa cos causing potential aspiration well we know that this is absolutely a wrong statement because remember whenever youre answering these questions you need to ask yourself is this a true statement well older adults they have difficulty swallowing and its not because the sava kiss is relaxing so this is not a correct response so we know its be and lets skip down to D excessive mouth secretions no actually older adults and one of the normals physiological changes is that they have dry mouth problems so we know its not excessive mouth secretions and C altered sensitivity and a male of tastebuds well one of those normal changes that happens as you get older is that your taste buds may change the way that they normally taste foods that you absolutely love they may all of a sudden taste too sweet taste too bitter and theres not as many taste buds as normal so this could contribute to the reason why the patient has lost interest in food maybe it just doesnt taste as good anymore so this is the best answer so see so see how having to know whats normal for the older adult and what nursing interventions you can do based on the older adult helps you when youre trying to answer these questions okay thank you so much for watching this video on how to study for geriatric nursing be sure to check out my other videos on how to study for your other nursing school classes and please consider subscribing to this YouTube channel
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care of the older adult, nursing school classes, geriatric nursing, how to study in nursing school, nursing school study tips, nclex exam, registerednursern….
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